n[dPth Ngr;Rthh;j;ijfs;
28> 29 mf;Nlhgh;
2006
,yq;if murhq;fj; JhJf;FOj; jiytH mikr;rH
epky; rpwpghy b rpy;th Mw;wpa Muk;g ciu
1. mwpKfk;
nfsut mikr;rH vupf; nrhy;n`a;k; mtHfNs>
rpwg;Gj; JhJtH jpU.
gtHmtHfNs> ,yq;if
Aj;j epWj;jf; fz;fhzpg;Gf;FO cWg;gpdHfNs> vy;.up.up.< JhJf;FOtpd;
cWg;gpdHfNs
md;gHfNs
2006 ngg;gutupapy; ehk; ,Wjpahf n[dPthtpy; $baNghJ> ,yq;if
muRf;Fk; vy;upup; ,af;fj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapyhd vkJ Ngr;RthHj;ijfs;> GjpanjhU
mj;jpahaj;jpd; Muk;gkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;w ek;gpf;ifia ,yq;if [dehaf Nrhryprf;
Fbaurpd; Nkd;ikjq;fpa [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;\ mtHfspd; rhHgpy; ,yq;if murhq;fj;
JhJf;FO njuptpj;jJ. md;W ehk; ek;gpf;ifAlDk; MHtj;JlDk; ,q;F te;Njhk;.
epahakhdJk; nfsutkhdJkhd rkhjhdk; vd;w vz;zf;fUit mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l>
Nkd;ikjq;fpa [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;\tpd; mtHfspd; gpzf;F njhlHgpyhd nghJthd
mZFKiw kw;Wk; Kiwikfs; gw;wp gupr;rakhtjw;Fkhd xU re;jHg;gkhfTk; vy;upup<
apdUf;F mike;jJ. ,uz;lhk; Rw;Wg; Ngr;Rf;fSf;fjf ,q;F ehk; $bapUg;gJ ,e;j
mZFKiwf;F vkJ njhlHr;rpahd <Lghl;ilg; gpujpgypg;gjhf ,Uf;fpwJ. Ngr;Rf;fisj;
njhlu ve;j Neuj;jpYk; ,yq;if murhq;fk; jahuhfTk; tpUg;gj;JlDk; ,Ug;gNjhL
jilg;gl;l Ngr;RthHj;ijfis kPz;Lk; xUKiw ajhHj;jg;gLj;jpaikf;fhf rHtNjr
r%fj;Jf;Fk; Rtpl;rHyhe;J kw;Wk; NehHNt murhq;fq;fSf;Fk; ehk; ed;wp
njuptpf;fpd;Nwhk;. rkhjhdr; nraw;ghl;Lf;Fj; njhlHe;J MjuT toq;fpd;w ,izj;
jiyikj;Jt ehLfSf;Fk; ehk; ed;wp gfh;fpNwhk;. kdKte;j cgrhuj;Jf;Fk; MjuTf;Fk;
ehk; Rtpl;rHyhe;J murhq;fj;Jf;Fk; ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwhk;.
fle;j ngg;utupapy; ehk; jpwe;j kdJld; xspT kiwtpd;wpg;
Ngr;RthHj;ij elhj;jpNdhk;. MapDk; rpy rkaq;fspy; ,lHg;ghLfs; Vw;gl;ld vd;gjpy;
re;Njfkpy;iy. ,t;thwhd Rghtj;ijf; nfhz;l Ngr;RthHj;ijfspd; NghJ mt;thwhdh
rk;gtq;fs; Vw;gLtJ rf[Nk. MapDk;> mjid xU gpd;dilthff; fUjhky;> rkhjhdj;ijf;
fUj;jpw;nfhz;L rthy;fis vjpHNehf;Ftjpy; mj;jifa ,lHfs; Ngr;RthHj;ij
jug;gpdUf;F nkd;NkYk; cWjpahfr; nraw;gl;L rthy;fis ntw;wp nfhs;tjw;fhd
re;jHg;gkhfNt cs;sd. xd;whf ehk; fopf;Fk; ,t;tpU ehl;fSk;> epue;juj;
jPHnthd;iwg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhfr; rkhjhdr; nraw;ghl;il Kd;ndLj;Jr;
nry;tjw;fhd rpwpanjhU> MapDk; Kf;fpakhdnjhU Kaw;rpahf mikAk; vd ehk;
ek;GfpNwhk;.
vjpHtUk; ,U jpdq;fspy; ehk; Nkw;nfhs;fpd;w Ngr;RthHj;ijfs;
ey;ynjhU #oiy cUthf;Ftjw;F toptFj;J epakhakhdJk; nfstukhdJkhd rkhjhdj;ij
cz;ikahd [dehafk; kw;Wk; kdpj cupikfs; Mfpa Nfhl;ghLfspd; mbg;gilapy;
va;Jtjw;F ehl;il topelhj;jpr; nry;Yk; vd;w ,yq;if murhq;fj;jpd; ek;gpf;ifia ,q;F
ehd; vLj;Jf;$w tpUk;GfpNwd;. ,yq;ifapd; rfy ghfq;fspYk; vkJ ehl;by; cs;s vy;yh
kf;fSf;Fk; nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpiaAk; Nkk;ghl;ilAk; toq;ff; $ba rkhjhdj;Jf;fhf
ehk; fLikahf ciof;f Ntz;Lk;. mj;jifanjhU rkhjhdk; kf;fspd; vy;yhg;
gpuptpdHfSf;Fk;> Fwpg;ghf jkpo; r%fj;jpw;F> murpay; nghUshjhu> r%f uPjpapy;
epahaj;ijAk; NeHikiaAk; toq;Fk;.
I.eh. nghJr;rigapy; Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp mtHfs;
nrg;lk;gH khjk; Mw;wpa ciuapd; NghJ> 'vdJ murpay; tho;f;if g+uhTk; kdpj cupik
MHtyuhf ehd; nraw;gl;ljdhy;> vdJ Gjpa murhq;fk; vkJ ehl;bd; gy;ypdj;Jtk;>
gy;tif fyhrhuk; kw;Wk; gy rkaq;fs; rhHe;j [dhehafj;jpd; nra;jpia ehl;bd;
vy;yhj; jpirfSf;Fk; vLj;Jr; nry;tjw;F cWjp g+z;bUg;gJ ,ay;ghdjhFk;. [dehafk;>
rkj;Jtk; kw;Wk; RgPl;rk; vd;gNj vkJ Kof;fkhFk;" vdf; Fwpg;gpl;lij ,q;F ehd;
epidT$Ufpd;Nwd;.
ngUk;ghyhd murpay; fl;rpfspd; Mjuit KOikahfg; ngw;w
mZFKiwnahd;wpidg; Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;~ mtHfs; filg;gpbj;J
te;Js;shH. Vg;uy; khjk; ,lk;ngw;w cs;@uhl;rp rigj; Njh;jypy; <l;ba mghu ntw;wp>
2005 etk;gH khjk; eilngw;w [dhjpgjpj; NjHjypy; Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp k`pe;j
uh[gf;~ mtHfs; ngw;w kf;fs; Mizia kPs; cWjp nra;J tYt+l;;Ltjhf mike;jJ " mjhtJ>
epahakhdJk; nfsukhdJkhd rkhjhdj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjhFk;. rkhjhdr; nraw;ghL
kw;Wk; 2006 Vg;uy; khjk; vy;upup Ald; eilngwtpUe;j cj;Njrg; Ngr;RthHj;ijfspy;
murhq;fk; gq;Fgw;wy; Nghd;wit njhlHghd [dhjpgjpapd; mZFKiw 2006 Vg;uy; 10Mk;
Njjp eilngw;w rHtfl;rp khehl;bd; NghJ gpujhd vjpHf;fl;rp cs;spl;l ngUk;ghyhd
murpay; fl;rpfspd; Mjuitg; ngw;wJ. ,d;W gpujhd vjpHf;fl;rpahd If;fpa Njrpaf;
fl;rp murhq;fj;Jld; ,ize;jpUg;gjhy; fle;j NjHjypy; thf;fspj;jtHfSs; 90
rjtPukhNdhH [dhjpgjpapd; mZFKiwf;Fr; rhHghfTs;sdH vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;jpAs;sJ.
gpzf;F njhlHghf ePLWjpahd jPHnthd;iwg; gw;wp mHj;jKs;s tpjj;jpy; fye;Jiuahlf;
$batifapy; murhq;fj;Jf;Fk; vy;upup apdUf;Fk; ,ilapyhd Ngr;RthHj;ijfis
Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;y KbAnkd;w ek;gpf;ifia mNefkhd murpay; fl;rpfs; rHt fl;rp
khehl;by; njuptpj;jd.
jpl;lkpl;lthW 2006 Vg;uy; khjj;jpy; n[dPthg;
Ngr;RthHj;ijfs; eilngwhjJ JujpH~;ltrkhdNj. Vnddpy; fzprkhd gad;fs; gw;wpf;
fye;Jiuahb mtw;iw kf;fSf;F toq;Ftjw;fhdnjhU #oiy tpiutpy; Vw;gLj;jpf;
nfhs;syhk; vd murhq;fk; ehbapUe;jJ.
n[dPthTf;Fr; nry;tjw;F murhq;fk; jahuhf ,Ue;jNghjpYk;
mDruizahsHfs; kw;Wk; ey;nyz;zk; nfhz;l kj;jpa];jHfs; njhlHe;J Nkw;nfhz;l
Kaw;rpfSf;F kj;jpaypYk; fhuzkpd;wp n[dPthtpy; Ngr;Rf;fis kPz;Lk; Muk;gpf;f
vy;upup kWj;J tpl;lJ. NehHNt murhq;fj;jpd; nrytpy; 2006 [_d; khjj;jpy;
x];NyhTf;F mtHfs; mioj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;l NghjpYk; mq;Fk; mtHfs; ,yq;if
JhJf;FOTld; Ngr kWj;J tpl;ldH.
,Ue;jNghjpYk; Ngr;RthHj;ijfis kPs Muk;gpg;gjw;fhf ,d;W ,q;F vy;upup JhJf;FO
xd;iw ,q;F mDg;gpapUg;gJ gw;wp ehk; kfpo;r;rpailfpd;Nwhk;. gpzf;Ff;fhd rkhjhdj;
jPHitg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; murhq;fj;jpd; cWjpahd <Lghl;il ehk; kPz;Lk;
typAWj;Jfpd;Nwhk;.
ehl;bd; Njrpa gpur;rpidf;F Ngr;RthHj;ijapDhlhf jPHnthd;iwg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F
VJthf 2006 Vg;uy; Kjy; Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjpAk; mtHfspdhYk; ,yq;if
murhq;fj;jpdhYk; gy Kd;ndLg;Gf;fs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld. nghJthd MjuTld;
murpayhg;Gf;fhd Nahridfisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tJ mtw;wpy; Kf;fpa ,lj;ij tfpf;fpd;wJ.
gy jrhg;jq;fshf ePbj;J te;Js;s Kuz;ghl;il KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L te;J ,yq;ifapy; rfy
kf;fSk; nfsutj;JlDk; rkhjhdj;JlDk; tho;tjw;F VJthdJk; cs;ehl;by;
ngw;Wf;nfhs;sf;$baJkhd jPHnthd;iwj; Njbf; fz;L gpbg;gNj ,jd; gpujhd Nehf;fkhFk;.
ehl;bd; Njrpag; gpur;rpidf;F murpay; jPHnthd;iwf;
fhz;gjw;F rHtfl;rpfspd; Kaw;rpAk; rfyiuAk; cs;slf;fpanjhU mZFKiwAk;
Njitg;gLfpd;wJ vd;gij murhq;fk; mOj;jkhf vLj;Jiuj;Js;sJ. ,J njhlHghf [_iy
11Mk; jpfjp rHtfl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs; FO kw;Wk; Gj;j[Ptpfs; FO Mfpatw;wpd;
epakdk; murpay; fl;rpfSf;fpilNa Njrpa fUj;njhUikg;ghl;ilg; ngw;Wf;
nfhs;tjw;fhd Kf;fpadkhdnjhU eltbf;ifahFk;.
2006 [_iy 11Mk; jpfjp eilngw;w rHt fl;rp gpujpepjpfs; FO
kw;Wk; Gj;jp[Ptpfs; FO Mfpatw;wpd; mq;FuhHg;gzf; $l;lj;jpy; Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp
k`pe;j uh[gf;~ ciuahw;wpa NghJ "kf;fs; jk; jiynaOj;ijj; jhNk epHzj;Jf;
nfhs;tjw;F ve;jnthU jPHTk; toptFg;gjhf mika Ntz;Lk;. ,J cyfpd; gy ghfq;fspy;
ntw;wpfukhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. cz;ikapNyNa ,yq;if rhHe;jNjhH murpayikg;Gr;
rl;lfj;ij Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk; vkJ Kaw;rpapy; vkJ may; ehlhd ,e;jpahit cl;gl
cyfpd; gy ghfq;fspYk; ehk; Ma;T nra;af; $ba cjhuzq;fs; gy cs;sd. ehL
KOtjpYKs;s midj;J ,yq;ifaHfspdJk; tho;f;ifia Nkk;gLj;JtNj vkJ Fwpf;NfhshFk;.
mjpYk;> tsk; Fd;wpa tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; f\;;lg;gLfpd;w kf;fspd; tho;f;ifj;
juj;ij Nkk;gLj;JtJ xU Kd;DupikahFk;" vd;W Fwpg;gpl;lhH.
rHt fl;rp gpujpepjpfs; FO kw;Wk; Gj;jp[Ptpfs; FOTf;F [dhjp;gjpapd; ciu toq;fpa
MizahdJ 'Mff;Fiwe;j vjpHghHg;Gf;fis epiwT nra;af;$ba Mf;fg+Htkhd njupTfis
cUthf;fp. Njrpa gpur;rpidiaj; jPHg;gjw;F KOikahdnjhU mZFKiwia Kd;itg;gJkhFk;."
NkYk;> 'ehl;bd; gpur;rpidf;Fj; jPHT fhz;gjw;fhf murpay; kw;Wk; murpayikg;Gr;
rl;lfnkhd;iw njhFg;gjpy; mtHfspd; xd;W jpuz;l ngUKaw;rp ntw;wpaspf;f Ntz;Lk;"
vdTk; mtH Ntz;bf; nfhz;lhH.
gy;NtWgl;l murpay; fl;rpfs; jj;jkJ NtWgl;l mZFKiwfs; gw;wpf; fye;Jiuahb
mf;fye;Jiuahly;fs; %ykhf fUj;njhUikghl;ilg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhd gutyhd
rl;lfj;ij Vw;gLj;JtNj murhq;fj;jpd; Nehf;fkhFk;.
thuj;jpw;nfhUKiw kw;Wk; ,U thuq;fSf;nfhUKiw vd rHtfl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs; FO
kw;Wk; Gj;jp[Ptpfs; FO jj;jkJ $l;lq;fis fpukkhf elhj;jpAs;sNjhL> jkJ
fye;Jiuahly;fspd; NghJ jhk; fzprkhd msT Kd;Ndw;wj;ijf; fz;Ls;sjhftk; mtHfs;
mwptpj;Js;sdH. rHtfl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs; FO jdJ mwpf;ifia tpiutpy; jahupf;f
vjpHghHf;fpwJ.
murpay; nraw;ghl;ilg; gyg;gLj;JKfkhf Kf;fpakhfj; njw;fpy; murpay;
fUj;njhUikg;ghl;il Vw;gLj;jpf nfhs;tjw;F 2006 nrg;lk;gH 15Mk; jpfjp gpujhd
vjpHf;fl;rpahd If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rpAld; murhq;fk; Ngr;RthHj;ijfis Muk;gpj;jJ.
,g;Ngr;RthHj;ijfs; gpd;tUk; MW nghJmk;rq;fisf; nfhz;l Fiwe;jgl;r Njrpa
epfo;r;rp epuy; xd;wpd; mbg;gilapy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ: rkhjhdk;> ey;yhl;rp
NjHjy; jpl;lj;Jf;fhd rPHjpUj;jk; kw;Wk; r%f mgptpUj;jp Mfpad ,jpy; mlq;fpAs;sd.
2006 xf;NlhgH 23Mk; jpfjp ,U fl;rpfSk; Gupe;JzHT xg;ge;jk; xd;iwf;
ifr;rhj;jpl;ldH. 'gaq;futhjj;ij mjd; rfy mikg;Gf;fspYk; vjpHg;gNjhL kdpj
cupikfis epiyepWj;jp jw;NghJ eilngw;W tUk; gpzf;F njhlHghd Ngr;RthHj;ijfs; %yk;
ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLk; jPHnthd;iw miltjpy;" ,g;Gupe;JzHT xg;ge;jj;jpd; %yk; mjd;
Mjuit If;fpa Njurpaf; fl;rp murhq;fj;Jf;F toq;Fk;. Fwpg;ghf tlf;fpYk;
fpof;fpYk; cs;s kf;fsp;d; Njitfis epiwT nra;af;$ba tifapy; gpzf;Ff;fhdnjhU
jPHitg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;F Gjpa murpayikg;Gr; rl;lfnkhd;iwj; njhFg;gjpy;
njw;fpy; gyg;gLj;jg;gl;l murpay; fUj;njhUikg;ghL Kf;fpakhdnjhU eltbf;ifahFk;.
,g;gue;j Mjutpd; gpd;dzpapy; kw;Wk; murpay; fl;rpfSld;
murhq;fk; elhj;jpa fye;jhNyhridfSf;Nfw;g mz;ikf;fhyq;fspy; ele;Njwpa rk;gtq;fs;
gw;wpa murhq;fj;jpd; fUj;J vjpHfhyj;Jf;fhd mjd; Nehf;fk; kw;Wk; rkhjhdr;
nraw;ghl;il Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;tjw;fhd mjd; vjpHghHg;Gf;fs; Mfpatw;iw cq;fs; Kd;
itg;gjw;fhf ,d;W ehd; murhq;fj; JhJf;FOit topelhj;JfpNwd;. ,g;gpur;rpidiaj;
jPHg;gijf; ftdj;jpw;nfhz;L mbg;gil tplaq;fs; gw;wpf; fye;Jiuahl vy;uPuP< mjd;
tpUg;gj;ijj; njuptpj;jpUg;gJk; vkf;F kfpo;r;rpaspg;gjhfTs;sJ.
2.
2006 xf;NlhgH Ngr;Rf;fspd; Nehf;fq;fs;
,g;Ngr;Rthj;ijfspy; murhq;fk; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; mZFKiwiag;
Gupe;J nfhs;tjw;fhf n[dPthtpy; ehk; elj;Jk; re;jpg;gpd; #oiy Muk;gj;jpNyNa
rupahf mikj;Jf; nfhs;tJ Kf;fpakhFk;. ,t;tuq;fpidj; jpwikahf thjhb tplaq;fis ep&gpf;fNth
rl;lkd;wk; Nghd;W thjhLtjw;fhdnjhU re;jHg;gkhfNth fUj ehk; tpUk;gtpy;iy.
gy;NtW epfo;Tfs; my;yJ fw;wwpe;j thjq;fis Kd;itg;gjw;fhfNth thjk; kw;Wk;
gpujpthjk; GupaNth ehk; ehltpy;iy. ,d;W n[dPthtpy; vkf;Ff; fpilj;Js;s
re;jHg;gk; mbg;gil tplaq;fs; gw;wpf; ftdk; nrYj;jp vjpHfhy rkhjhdj;ij
vjpHNehf;Fk; rthy;fis vjpHnfhs;tjw;F tha;g;gspg;gjhfTs;sJ.
,r;RtHfSf;F ntspNaAk; ekJ Ngr;Rf;fs; njhlHGs;sjhf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lnkdpd; mit vkJ kf;fSf;F mh;j;jKs;sjhf mika Ntz;Lkhapd; [dehafk;> kdpj
cupikfs; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jp gw;wpa gpur;rpidfis mtrukhfj; jPHj;J
itg;gjd; %yk; vkJ ehl;bd; rfy kf;fSk; rk cupikfis mDgtpg;gjw;fhd tha;g;gpid
ehk; mjd; %yk; cWjpg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. Kf;fpakw;w jilfisj; jhz;b ,yq;ifapy;
epue;jur; rkhjhdj;Jf;Fk; Fwpg;ghf ekJ kf;fspd; mjpYk; tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk;
thOk; kf;fspd; mgpyhi~fis epiwT nra;tjw;fhTk; ehk; eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;.
Vg;uy; khjj;jpypUe;J vy;upup< Nkw;nfhz;l Nkhrkhd gaq;futhj
eltbf;iffs; kw;Wk; td;nray;fSf;F kj;jpapYk;> murhq;fk; mjd; flg;ghLfisf;
fUj;jpw; nfhz;L ,q;F te;Js;sJ vd;gij ehd; kPz;Lk; typAWj;JfpNwd;. n[dPthtpy;
eilngw;w Kjyhk; Rw;Wg; Ngr;Rf;fspd; gpd;> mjhtJ 2006 ngg;utup 24Mk; jpfjp Kjy;
xf;NlhgH 17Mk; jpfjp tiu nkhj;jk; 897 gilapdH nfhy;yg;gl;Ls;sdH. mtHfSs; gyH>
epuhAjghzpfshf ,Ue;j epiyapy;> fz;%bj;jdkhff; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;. ,f;fhyfl;lj;jpy;
nghJ kf;fs; cl;gl; nkhj;jk; 1363 nfhiyfSf;F vy;uPuP< nghWg;ghf ,Ue;Js;sJ. ,t;ntz;zpf;ifia
ngg;utup 2002 Kjy; 2006 xf;NlhgH tiuapyhd fhyg;gFjpapy; ,lk;ngw;w nkhj;j
nfhiyfSld; xg;gpl;Lg; ghHf;Fk; NghJ gilapdH kw;Wk; nghJkf;fs; kPJ vy;upup<
Nkw;nfhz;l rPz;lg;glhj mg;gl;lkhd jhf;Fjy;fs; mr;RWj;Jk; tpjj;jpy;
mjpfupj;Js;sd vd;gJ njspthfpwJ. NtW ve;jnthU jkpo; murpay; FuYk; xypf;ff; $lhJ
vd;wgb> jkJ fUj;Jf;fSf;F khw;Wf; fUj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l Vida jkpoHfis vy;upup<
jpl;lkpl;Lg; gLnfhiy nra;Js;sJ vd;gJk; mjpHr;rpaspg;gjhfTs;sJ.
rkhjhdg; gpupaUk; fy;tpkhDkhftpUe;j rkhjhdr; nrayfj;jpd; gpujpj; jiytiuAk;
mtHfs; kpNyr;rj;jdkhff; gLnfhiy nra;jdH.
mNj Ntisapy; I.eh. ghJfhg;Gr; rigia cs;spl;l rHtNjrr; r%fk;
jk; ntWg;igj; njuptpj;j NghjpYk; ,uhZtj; NjitfSf;fhf vy;uPuP< njhlHe;Jk;
rpWtHfis mzpjpul;b te;Js;sJ. 2006 ngg;utupapy; eilngw;w n[dPthg; Ngr;Rf;fspd;
gpd; vy;uPuP< ,d; td;Kiwfs; jPtpukile;J 2006 [_iy khjj;jpy; mtHfs; khtpy; MW
mizf;fl;bid %l Ntz;Lnkd;Nw 60>;000 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l nghJkf;fSf;fhd ePiuj;
jLj;jdH. mJ gadw;wnjhU <tpuf;fkw;w nrayhFk;.
mg;gl;lkhd ,dj;Jtr; Rj;jpfupg;G eltbf;ifahf> Mf];l; khjj;jpy; %JhupypUe;J
vy;uPuP< K];ypk;fis ntspNaw;wpdH. rpWghd;ikapdUf;F vjpuhd ghFghL kw;Wk; ,lHghLfs;
gw;wpg; gpuyhgpf;Fk; vy;upup<> gpwpnjhU jkpo; NgRk; rpWghd;ikr; r%fkhd
K];ypk;fis nfh^ukhf elhj;JtJ tpe;ijahfNt cs;sJ. ,e;j ,dj;Jtr; Rj;jpfupg;G 1991
Mk; Mz;by; tlf;fpypUe;J 90>000 K];ypk;fisAk; rpq;fstH midtiuAk; ntspNaw;wpaJld;
Muk;gkhfp gpd;dH K];ypk;fs; kd;dhupy; ,Ue;J ntspNaw;wg;gl;lNjhL> mjidj;
njhlHe;J fpof;fpy; thOk; K];ypk;fisf; fpukkhf ,k;irg;gLj;Jtjpy; vy;upup< ftdk;
nrYj;jpaJ vd;gij ehk; epidTgLj;JfpNwhk;.
n[dPthg; Ngr;Rf;fspd; gpd;dH vy;upup< Nkw;nfhz;l td;Kiwfs;
kw;Wk; njhlHr;rpahd nfhiyfs; ed;F Mtzg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. mNefkhf mj;jifa ghupa
epfo;Tfs; gy kpFe;j nfh^uj;jd;ikiaAk; kdpj ,ay;igj; Jr;rkhf kjpf;Fk; xU
ghq;fpidAk; vLj;Jf; fhl;Ltdthf ,Ue;jd. 2006 xf;NlhgH 16Mk; jpfjp jk;Gy - `gud
tPjpapy;> vy;upup< Nkw;nfhz;l kpf mz;ikf;fhyj; jw;nfhiyf; Fz;Lj; jhf;Fjy;>
tpLKiwf;fhf tPL nry;Yk; topapy; Xa;ntLj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j MAje;jupf;fhj 100 f;Fk;
mjpfkhd flw;gilapdiuf; nfhd;wNjhL NkYk; 100 f;Fk; mjpfkhNdhiuf; fhag;gLj;jp
cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; rHtNjr r%fj;ij mjpHr;rpf;Fs;shf;fpaJ. ,f;nfh^ukhd kw;Wk;
kpNyr;rj;jdkhd nfhiyfs; gw;wpa jk; Mj;jpuj;ijg; gy ehLfs; njspthfj; njuptpj;jd.
,j;jifa rPz;ly;fs; %yk; rpq;fs kf;fs; mjpfkhf thOk;
gpuNjrq;fspy; Ntz;Lnkd;Nw fyfj;ij tpistpf;f vy;upup< Nkw;nfhs;Sk; jPa
jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; nghJkf;fs; thOk; gpuNjrq;fis mtHfs; NjHe;njLg;gJ gw;wp ,yq;if
murhq;fk; NkYk; kpul;rpAk; mjpHr;rpAk; mile;Js;sJ.
kpff; nfh^ukhd epfo;T a+d; 15Mk; jpfjp eilngw;wJ.
nghJkf;fis Vw;wpr; nry;Yk; jdpahH NgUe;J xd;iw ,yf;Fg; ghHj;J
nfg;gpj;jpf;nfhy;Nyt vd;Dk; ,lj;jpy; vy;upup<> fpNsNkhH fz;zp ntbfs; ,uz;il
ntbf;fr; nra;jjpy; 64 NgH capupoe;jNjhL 84 NgH fhakile;jdH. nfhy;yg;gl;ltHfSs;
15 Foe;ijfs;> 2 ngsj;j gpf;FkhH kw;Wk; kUj;Jt kidf;Fr; nrd;W nfhz;bUe;j
fHg;gpzpg; ngz;fs; mlq;FtH.
[_iy 21Mk; jpfjp> Ntz;Lnkd;Nw ehrfhu kw;Wk; nfh^ukhd
td;nrayhf vy;upup< khtpy; MW mizf;fl;il gyte;jkhf %b> 15>000 FLk;gq;fSf;Fk;
30>;000 Vf;fH new;fhzpfSf;Fk; ePiuj; jLj;J> mjd; tpisthf 60>000 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l
nghJkf;fspd; tho;thjhuj;jpy; jilia Vw;gLj;jpaJ. gy Foe;ijfs; ghlrhiyf;Fr;
nry;tJk; jLf;fg;gl;lJ.
Mf];l; 02 Mk; jpfjp> vy;upup< apdH CLUtp %Jhiuj; jhf;fpdH.
vy;upup< Nkw;nfhz;l vwpfiz kw;Wk; gPuq;fpj; jhf;Fjy;fs; nghJkf;fspd; capHfisg;
gypnfhz;lNjhL> 53>;000 Ngiu ,lk;ngaur; nra;jd. ,tHfSs; mjpfkhNdhH
K];ypk;fshftpUe;jNjhL> ,g;gpuNjrj;jpy; ,Ue;J K];ypk;fis ntspNaw;Wtjw;fhfNt
vy;upup< ,j;jhf;Fjy;fis Nkw;nfhz;lJ vd;gjpy; re;Njfj;Jf;fplkpy;iy. FWfpa
fhyg;gFjpnahd;wpDs; mtHfis kPz;Lk; mtHfsJ tPLfspy; murhq;fj;jpdhy; kPsf;
Fbakur; nra;a Kbe;jJ.
jpde;NjhWk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l rPz;Ljy;fs; kj;jpapYk;
murhq;fg; ghJfhg;Gg; gpilapdH kpfTk; epjhdkhf ele;J nfhz;Ls;sdH. ,jd; %yk;>
rkhjhdk; gw;wpj; jdf;Fs;s <Lghl;il murhq;fk; ntspg;gLj;jpAs;sNjhL> rkhjhdg;
Ngr;RthHj;ijfSf;F Vw;wnjhU #oiyAk; mJ Cf;Ftpj;Js;sJ. fpNsNkhH kw;Wk; gPuq;fpj;
jhf;Fjy;fs; mj;Jld; nfhiyfs; Mfpatw;iwj; njhlHr;rpahf vy;upup< Nkw;nfhz;l
epiyapNyNa> ghJfhg;igf; fUj;jpw; nfhz;L kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l ghJfhg;G
eltbf;iffspy; murhq;fk; <Lgl NeHe;jJ.
3.
[dehafk;
,Wjpahf eilngw;w Ngr;Rf;fspd; Nghjhd Muk;g ciuapy; ehk;
Fwpg;gpl;lJ Nghd;W> jkJ cupikfs; kjpf;fg;gl;L> jhk; njhopy; Gupe;J jk; r%f
mgptpUj;jpia miltjw;fhd [dehaf r%fk; xd;wpd; ed;ikfis ,yq;ifapd; xt;nthU
gpui[f;Fk; cWjpg;gLj;Jtjpy; murhq;fk; Mo;e;j mf;fiw nfhz;Ls;sJ. Jujp\;ltrkhf ,d;W
mJ ajhHj;jkhf ,y;iy. tlf;F kw;Wk; fpof;fpd; rpy gFjpfspy;> vy;upup< ,d;
nraw;ghL fhuzkhf> kf;fSf;F mtHfs; mbg;gil [dehaf cupikfs; kWf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
ntspg;gilahdnjhU tplakhFk;. jdp egHfs; jk; fUj;Jf;fisj; ntspg;gLj;Jtjw;F> jkJ
jiytHfisj; njupT nra;tjw;F kw;Wk; Rje;jpukhfj; jk; tho;f;ifia elhj;Jtjw;fhd
cupik kWf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. RNar;irahfr; rpe;jpg;gjd; fhuzkhf fy;tpkhd;fs;
mr;RWj;jg;gl;Lf; nfhiy nra;ag;gLfpwhHfs;. jw;;Nghija kWg;G epiyapy; ,Ue;J ehk;
tpLgl;L> tlf;F kw;Wk; fpof;F kf;fspd; ed;ik fUjp gaDW ntspaPnlhd;iw Vw;gLj;j
Ntz;Lk;.
mjpfkhd jkpo; kf;fs;> RkhH 54 rjtPjj;jpdH> vy;upup<
Mjpf;fk; nrYj;Jk; gpuNjrq;fSf;F ntspNa tho;fpd;wdH vd;gij ehk; midtUk; mwpNthk;.
tpLtpf;fg;glhj gpuNjrq;fspy; thOk; ngUk;ghd;ikahNdhH fLikahd f\;lq;fis
mDgtpf;fpd;wdH.
JujpH\;ltrkhf> rptpy; kw;Wk; murpay; cupikfs; kWf;fg;gl;L>
gytpjkhd tupfs; kw;Wk; gwpKjy;fs; mj;Jld; kWg;Gj; njuptpj;jhy; fLikahd jz;lid
vd;wthW mj;jifa kf;fs; NkYk; jhf;fj;Js;shf;fg;gLfpd;wdH. ,f;fhuzq;fspdhy;
mjpfkhd jkpo; kf;fs; murhq;ff; fl;Lg;ghl;Lg; gpuNjrq;fspy; tho;tjw;F tpUg;gk;
njuptpg;gNjhL vy;upup< gw;wpa mtHfspd; Mokhd mjpUg;jpiaAk; mJ vLj;Jf;
fhl;LfpwJ.
,e;epiyikiar; rPuhf;Ftjw;fhf> rkhjhdr; nraw;ghl;by; rpy ,ay;G
epiyf;Ff; nfhz;L tUk; eltbf;iffs; Njitg;gLfpd;wd vd;gJ murhq;fj;jpd;
ek;gpf;ifahFk;:
-
Kjypy;> fpspnehr;rp kw;Wk; Ky;iyj;jPT mj;Jld;
tpLtpf;fg;glhj gpuNjrq;fis cs;spl;l ,yq;ifapd; rfy ghfq;fSf;Fk; murpay;
fl;rpfs; Rje;jpukhfr; nry;y mDkjpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mtHfs; jk; gpurhu
eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F> vjpHf; fUj;Jf;fisj; njuptpg;gjw;F> mYtyfq;fisj;
jpwg;gjw;F mj;Jld; mr;RWj;jy; kw;Wk; td;Kiwfs; ,d;wpr; nraw;gLtjw;F ,ay
Ntz;Lk;.
-
,uz;lhtjhf> [dehaf epWtdq;fs; Rje;jpukhfTk; jiyaPbd;wpAk;
nraw;gl tha;g;gspf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. rl;l kw;Wk; rl;l mKyhf;fk;
rk;ge;jg;gl;;lit cs;spl;l ,yq;if murhq;fj;jpd; rfy mYtyfq;fisAk; ,J
cs;slf;Fk;.
-
%d;whtjhf> rl;lq;fisg; gaDW tpjj;jpy; mKy; nra;tjw;fhfTk;
Fw;wthspfSf;nfjpuhfr; rl;l eltbf;if vLf;fTk; VJthf> xNu rl;lg; nghwpj;njhFjp
ehL KOtjpYk; nraw;glf; $bajhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. Ky;iyj;jPT kw;Wk; fpspnehr;rp
khtl;lq;fs; Nghd;w jw;NghJ nghyprhUf;Fr; nry;y mDkjp kWf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; rpy
gpuNjrq;fSf;Fg; nghyprhH nry;y mDkjpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;ij ,J Njitg;gLj;JfpwJ.
-
ehd;fhtjhf> tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; KOikahd [dehafr;
nraw;ghl;Lf;fhd Kd;Ndw;ghL Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. murpay; jiytHfspy; ,Ue;J
khztH tiuapyhd r%fj;jpd; rfy kl;lq;fisr; NrHe;jtHfisak;;> mjpfhug; gutyhf;fy;
kw;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpHT njhlHghd tplaq;fis cs;spl;l [dehafk; rhHe;j Kf;fpakhd
gpur;rpidfspy; Rje;jpukhff; fUj;ijj; njuptpf;Fk; tpjj;jpy; Muha;r;rpapy; <Lgl;L
fye;JiuahLk; nraw;ghl;by; <Lglr; nra;ayhk;.
,f;fhupaq;fis ehNk Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;bAs;sJ. ,t;thu ,Wjpapy;
,q;F ehk; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; Ngr;RthHj;ijfspd; NghJ murhq;fj;jpd; ,e;j Muk;g
Nahridfis Muha;e;J tpupTgLj;jyhk;. ,Wjpapy;> nfsutkhd rkhjhdj;ij miltJ
tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; [dehaff; Nfhl;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk; gyg;gLj;Jtijj;
Njitg;gLj;Jtjhy;> ,t;tplaj;Jf;F ,yq;if murhq;fk; Mff; $ba Kd;Dupiikia
mspf;fpwJ. ,J njhlHghf> jpUNfhzkiy kw;Wk; kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lq;fspYk; td;dpapYk;
cs;@uhl;rpj; NjHfspy; rpy vy;upup< FOf;fs; Nghl;bapl;L [dehafr; nraw;ghl;by;
gpuNtrpj;Js;sd vd;gJ gw;wp murhq;fk; kfpo;r;rpailfpwJ. ,g;Nghf;F NkYk;
Kd;Ndw;wkile;J mjdhy; vy;upup< jiyikj;Jtk; [dehaf gpujhd ePNuhl;lj;jpy;
njhlHe;J Eioa tha;g;Ngw;gLk; vd;gJ vkJ ek;gpf;ifahFk;. Kd;G MAje;jhq;fpapUe;j
gy FOf;fs; ,d;W [dehafr; nraw;ghl;by; ,ize;Js;sJ gw;wpAk; ehk;
ngUkfpo;r;rpailfpNwhk;.
4.
kdpj cupikfs;
murhq;fjpd; Kd;ndLg;Gf;fs;
fpof;fpYk; tlf;fpYk; $l cyfyhtpa kdpj cupikfs; gw;wpa
Nfhl;ghLfs; epiyepWj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd murhq;fk; mth nfhz;Ls;sJ. rpy tplaq;fs;
njhlHghf njw;fpYk; epiyikapy; rPHjpUj;jk; Njitg;gLfpwJ vd;gij murhq;fk;
Vw;Wf;nfhs;tNjhL>; mjid miltjw;fhfr; rfy eltbf;iffSk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L
tUfpd;wd. mgptpUj;jp mile;J tUk; ehnlhd;W vd;w tifapy;> vkJ tsq;fs;
kl;Lg;gl;bUe;j NghjpYk;> Mff; $ba juq;fis miltjw;fhf ehk; KbAkhd rfy
eltbf;iffisAk; Nkw;nfhs;Nthk;.
-
Kjw;jlitahf> kdpj cupikfs; kw;Wk; mdHj;j Kfhikj;Jt
mikr;nrhd;W epWtg;gl;ls;sJ. NkYk;> gpd;tUk; eltbf;iffSk;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sd:
nghyp]; kw;Wk; MAjg; gilapdUf;F vjpuhd kdpj cupik kPwy;fs; gw;wp
Muha;tjw;fhfTk; gy;NtW kdpj cupikfs; tplaq;fs; gw;wp ,yq;if murhq;fj;Jf;F
nfhs;if topfhl;liy toq;Ftjw;fhfTk; kdpj cupikfs; gw;wpa epiyahd FO kPz;Lk; $l;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.
-
kdpj cupikfs; kw;Wk; mdHj;j Kfhikj;Jt mikr;rH jiyik
jhq;Fk; nghyp];> MAjg; gilapdH kw;Wk; rk;ge;jg;gl;l rfy mikr;Rf;fspd;
mjpfhupfSld; khjk; xU Kiw $Lk; kdpj cupikfs; njhlHghd mikr;Rf;fSf;fpilapyhd
FOnthd;W mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rpf;fy;fis vjpHnfhz;L gaDW jPHTfis toq;Ftjw;fhf>
Nkw;gb epWtdq;fSld; kw;Wk; rptpy; r%fk; rHtNjr KftHfs; mj;Jld; Njrpa kdpj
cupikfs; epWtdq;fSld; fpukkhd fye;Jiuahly;fis cl;gLj;Jtjw;fhf gyjug;gl;lnjhU
mZFKiwf;fhd crhnty;iy ,f;FOTf;F toq;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
-
nkhop rhHe;j nfhs;ifia cupa Kiwapy;
nraw;gLj;Jtjw;fhdnjhU cWjpahd <LghLk; cs;sJ.
-
nrayhf;f uPjpapy; jkpo; NgRk; kf;fs; jk; murpay;
ahg;gpd;gbahd cupikfspd; gaidg; ngWtij cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf cupa Kiwapy;
nkhopf; nfhs;ifia mKy; gLj;JtJ gw;wp ,f;FO Muha;e;J tUfpwJ.
-
,yq;if murhq;fj;Jf;Fk; a+vd;vr;rpMHf;Fk; ,ilapy;
ifr;rhj;jplg;gl;Ls;s KOikahd Gupe;JzHT xg;ge;jk; xd;wpdhy; IBgPf;fspd; (cs;Shpy;
,lk;ngah;e;jth;fs;) Njitfs; epiwT nra;ag;gl;L tUfpwJ. r%fq;fSf;fpilNa gaDs;s
cj;jpfs; kw;Wk; ek;gpf;ifiaf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; eltbf;ifahf ,J
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ. .
-
ehl;by; eilngWk; Ml;flj;jy;fs; kw;Wk; nfhiyfs; gw;wp
Muha;tjw;fhf tpNrl Mizf;FOnthd;iw mikg;gjd; %yk; kdpj cupikfs; kw;Wk;
rl;lj;jpyhd Ml;rpKiwf;fhd mjd; cWjpg;ghl;il murhq;fk; NkYk;
ntspg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. ghupa kdpj cupik kPwy;fs; gw;wp Gydha;T nra;tjw;fhdnjhU
Mizf;FOit kw;Wk; Mizf;FOtpd; mtjhdpg;ghsHfshfr; nraw;gLtjw;F rHtNjr rpNu~;l
egHfisf; nfhz;lnjhU FOit mikf;Fk; nraw;ghl;by; mJ jw;NghJ <Lgl;Ls;sJ.
-
rpf;fy;fisf; fise;J mtHfspd; eltbf;iffSf;Ff; Fwpg;ghf
tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; trjpaspg;gjw;fhf rk;ge;jg;gl;l murhq;f mikr;Rf;fs;>
KftHfs; kw;Wk; rHtNjr mur rhHgw;w mj;Jld; mur rhHgw;w mikg;Gf;fSf;F ,ilNa
fpukkhd fye;Jiuahly;fis mz;ikapy; murhq;fk; Muk;gpj;J itj;Js;sJ. ,jd; %yk;>
,g;gFjpfspYs;s nghJkf;fspd; Njitfs; kw;Wk; cupikfis epiwT nra;tJ
cWjpg;gLj;jg;gLk;.
-
vy;upup< fg;gy;fspd; ghJfhg;ig cWjpg;gLj;j kWj;j
epiyapYk; fly; khHf;fkhf 18>000 njhd;fSf;Fk; mjpfkhd czT kw;Wk; Vida
nghUl;fis murhq;fk; aho;g;ghzj;Jf;F mDg;gp itj;Js;sJ. czTg; fg;gy;fspd;
ghJfhg;ig cWjpg;gLj;j vy;upup< Kd;te;jhy;> IrPMHrP ,d; nfhbapd; fPo; NkYk;
mjpf mstpyhd nghUl;fis mDg;gf; $bajhapUf;Fk;.
-
fpspnehr;rp kw;Wk; Ky;iyj;jPT khtl;lq;fSf;F NghjpasT czT
kw;Wk; kUe;J tiffs;> jl;Lg;ghLfs; ,d;wp> mDg;gg;gl;Ls;sd.
-
aho;g;ghzj;Jf;Fj; Njitahd rfytw;iwAk; mDg;g murhq;fk;
ehbdhYk;> ghJfhg;G cj;juthjq;fis kWj;J kw;Wk; Vida td;nray;fspy; vy;upup< <LgLtjdhy;
mjidr; nra;a KbahJs;sJ.
tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; kdpj cupikfs; rhHe;j rpf;fy;fs;
tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; kdpj cupikfs; njhlHghf murhq;fk;
ghupa mf;fiw nfhz;Ls;sJ.
vy;upup< Mjpf;fk; nrYj;Jk; rpy gpuNjrq;fspy; kdpj cupikfs;
mg;gl;lkhf kPwg;gl;Ls;sd. gy;NtW rHtNjr mikg;Gf;fs; kw;Wk; ntspehl;L
murhq;fq;fspdhy; ,k;kPwy;fs; gutyhf Mtzg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. Aj;j epWj;j xg;ge;jk;
mKYf;F te;J ehd;F Mz;Lfs; fope;j gpd;Gk; ,g;gpuNjrq;fspy; thOk; kf;fs; jkJ
cupikfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; tplaj;jpy; ve;jnthU Kd;Ndw;wj;ijAk; fhztpy;iy
vd;gJ ftiyf;Fupa tplakhFk;. njhlHe;Jk; Aj;jj;jpw;fhf rpWtHfs; mzp
jpul;lg;gLfpwhHfs;. Adpnrt;tpd; 2006 Mk; Mz;L nrg;nlk;gH khjj;Jf;fhd
Gs;sptptug;gb> 1994 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J vy;upup< 5769 taJ Fiwe;j rpWtHfis
mzpjpul;baJ njupa tUfpwJ.
gyte;jg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; mr;RWj;jy; %yk; Kf;fpakhf MAjq;fisf; nfhs;tdT
nra;tjw;fhf fdlh> INuhg;gh kw;Wk; Vida Nkw;fj;jpa ehLfspy; khj;jpuky;yhJ ,yq;ifapd;
njd; gFjpapy; thOk; jkpo; kf;fsplkpUe;Jk; epjp NrHf;Fk; eltbf;iffspy; vy;upup<
njhlHe;Jk; <Lgl;L tUtJk; mjpf ftiyia mspg;gjhfTs;sJ. ,j;jPa eltbf;ifia
mz;ikapy; ntspaplg;gl;l `pa+kd; iul;]; nthr; mwpf;if (thy;a+k; 18> ,y:1)
Mtzg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. vkJ Ngr;RthHj;ijfspd; NghJ ,t;tplaq;fs; gw;wp mjpf ftdk;
nrYj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gij ehk; kPz;Lk; typAWj;JfpNwhk;.
5.
kdpjhgpkhd tplaq;fs;
m) ghJfhg;G
Nehahspfs; cs;spl;l vy;upup< cWg;gpdHfSf;F gy
re;jHg;gq;fspy; gazj; JiziaAk; kdpjhgpkhd cjtpiaAk; murhq;fk; toq;fpAs;sJ.
M) IbgPf;fSf;fhd murhq;f cjtp
vy;upup< ,d; td;nray;fspd; tpisthf gy re;jHg;gq;fspy;> cs;ehl;by; ,lk;
ngaHe;jtHfs; tplaj;jpy; njhlHr;rpahf murhq;fk; mjd; flg;ghLfis epiwNtw;wpAs;sJ.
murhq;fk; mjd; nghWg;Gf;fis czHe;J> cs;ehl;by; ,lk;ngaHe;j rfyUf;Fk; gutyhd
cjtpiaAk; ghJfhg;igAk; toq;FfpwJ. .
IbgPf;fSf;F cjTk; rHtNjr kw;Wk; cs;ehl;L kdpjhgpkhd
mikg;Gf;fspd; eltbf;iffSf;F mJ jaf;fkpd;wp trjpaspf;fpwJ.
,yq;ifapy;> a+vd;vr;rpMH ,d; Mizapd; mbg;gilapy;> tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk;
IbgPf;fSf;fhd ek;gpf;ifiaf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; kw;Wk; ];jpug;gLj;Jk; eltbf;iffSf;F
topfhl;bahf 2006 nrg;nlk;gupy; murhq;fk; a+vd;vr;rpMH cld; Gupe;JzHT
xg;ge;jnkhd;iwr; nra;J nfhz;Ls;sJ. gaDW kw;Wk; tpidj;jpwDld; ngWNgWfs; rhHe;j
nraw;jpl;lk; xd;Wf;F ,t;topfhl;ly;fs; topNfhYk; vd;gJ murhq;fj;jpd;
ek;gpf;ifahFk;.
cs;ehl;by; ,lk;ngaHe;NjhH gw;wpa I.eh. tpd; topfhl;ly;
Nfhl;ghLfspd; mbg;gilia xU gFjpahff; nfhz;L Gduikg;G> GdHtho;T kw;Wk;
kPspzf;fg;ghL gw;wpanjhU Njrpa rl;lfj;ij murhqfk; Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ. mjd;
Nehf;fq;fs;:
-
Nkhjypdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;ltHfspd; mbg;gilj; Njitfisg;
g+Hj;jp nra;jy;
-
cw;gj;jpj; jpwDs;s tho;thjhu topfis fl;bnaOg;gy; kw;Wk;
-
,dq;fSf;fpilNa kPspzf;fg;ghl;Lf;F trjpaspj;jy;
Mfpatw;Wf;fhf murhq;fj;jpd; jpwidf; Nkk;gLj;JtjhFk;. ,f;nfhs;iffis mD\;bg;gjpy;
fzprkhd msT Kd;Ndw;wk; fhzg;gl;Ls;sJ.
tpLtpf;fg;glhj gpuNjrq;fspy; thOk; cs;ehl;by; ,lk;
ngaHe;NjhUf;Fj; njhlHr;rpahf czT kw;Wk; Vida kdpjhgpkhd Njitfis toq;FtJ %yk;>
Aj;jq;fspd; tuyhw;wpy; murhq;fk; jdpj;JtkhdnjhU Kd;khjpupia toq;fpAs;sJ.
toq;fg;gLk; czT kw;Wk; kUe;J tiffspd; xU gFjpia vy;upup< mjd; Njitf;fhf vLj;Jf;
nfhs;Sk; re;jHg;gj;jpYk; jdJ kf;fs; vq;fpUe;jhYk; mtHfSf;F cztspf;Fk; nghWg;ig
Vw;Wf;nfhz;Ls;s xNu ehL ,yq;if vdyhk;.
tpLtpf;fg;glhj gpuNjrq;fspy; nraw;gLk; khtl;l kw;Wk; cg
khtl;l epUthf mYtyfq;fSf;fhd epjpaspg;ig murhq;fNk toq;FfpwJ mJ murhq;f
mjpgHfs;> gpuNjr nrayhsHfs;> fpuhk Nrit mYtyHfs; kw;Wk; epUthf
gzpahl;nlhFjpapdupd; rk;gsq;fis cs;slf;FfpwJ.
ehl;bd; nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpy; 0.1 tPjj;Jf;F FiwthdNj tlf;fpYk;
fpof;fpYk; ,Ue;J fpilg;gjhy;> ehl;bd; Vida gFjpfspy; thOk; kf;fsplk; ,Ue;J
Nrfupf;fg;gLk; tUkhdj;ijf; nfhz;Nl ,r;NritfisAk; trjpfisAk; murhq;fk;
toq;FfpwJ.
Rdhkp kw;Wk; Rdhkp rhuhj> tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; jw;NghJ
eilngw;W tUk; fUj;jpl;lq;fs; gw;wpa kpf mz;ikf;fhy fzf;Ffspd; gb> nkhj;jk;
1283.10 kpy;ypad; mnkupf;f nlhyH xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
50 rjtPjj;Jf;Fk; Nkyhd ntspehl;L epjpaspg;igf; nfhz;l
fUj;jpl;;lq;fs; rHtNjr epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; ntspehl;L murhq;fq;fs; ,yq;if
murhq;fj;Jf;F toq;fpAs;s fld;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;Ls;sjhy;> mtw;iw murhq;fk;
jpUg;gpr; nrYj;j Ntz;bAs;sJ. tlf;F kw;Wk; fpof;fpd; mgptpUj;jpapd;
epjpaspg;Gf;fhd nghWg;ig> ,f;fld; njhififs; kPsr; nrYj;jp> murhq;fNk Vw;f
Ntz;Lk;.
,) nkhopf; nfhs;if
2005 etk;gH 25 Mk; jpfjp itgtuPjpahfg; ghuhSkd;w
mq;FuhHg;gzj;jpd; NghJ> Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;\ mwptpj;j nfhs;if
mwpf;iff;Nfw;g mur fUk nkhopf;nfhs;ifis mKy; nra;tjw;fhf ,yq;if murhq;fk;
gy;NtW Kd;ndLg;Gf;fis Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ.
-
nghyp]; epiyaq;fs;> murhq;f mYtyfq;fs; kw;Wk; Vida
nghJ ,lq;fspy; mur fUk nkhopf; nfhs;ifia mKy; nra;J mj;jifa murhq;f
epWtdq;fspy; jk; mYty;fis Nkw;nfhs;tjpy; jkpo; NgRk; kf;fs; vjpHnfhs;Sk;
jilfisf; Fiwg;gjw;fhf %d;W tUl mtruj; jpl;lnkhd;W Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;.
-
ifJ nra;ag;gl;l xUtupd; thf;F%yk; mtUf;F
/ mtSf;F tpUg;gkhd
nkhopy; gjpT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;w mwpTWj;jy;fis nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;jHfs;
cWjpahfg; gpd;dgw;w Ntz;Lk; vd 2006 Aiy 07Mk; jpfjp [dhjpgjp tpLj;j gzpg;Giu
Njitg;gLj;JfpwJ. kf;fs; vJtpj mr;rNkh re;NjfNkh ,d;wp jkJ nkhopapNyNa thf;F
%yq;fis mspg;gjw;F trjpahf rfy nghyp]; epiyaq;fspYk; tpNrl myFfs;
mikf;fg;gLk;.
-
gfpuq;f Nritapy; njhopy; GupAk; gjtpapdupd; ,Unkhopj;
NjHr;rp gw;wpa gpujhd tplaq;fs; njhlHghf nghJepHthfj; jtprhsH> ePjp kw;Wk;
Njrpa ,zf;fg;ghl;L mikr;Rf;fspd; nrayhsH> mur fUk nkhop Mizf;FOtpd; Mizahsiu
cs;slf;fpa cg FOnthd;W mikr;ruitf;F gupe;Jiufis toq;Ftjw;fhf fpukkhff; $l;lq;fis
elhj;JfpwJ. rfy murhq;f CopaHfSk; jkpopy; Ntiy nra;af; $ba kl;lj;jpyhd
mwpitg; ngwj; Njitg;gLj;jg;gLthHfs;.
-
nkhopf; fw;if kw;Wk; gapw;rp gw;wpa Njrpa epWtdk; xd;W
gw;wpa gpNuuiz 2006 xf;NlhgH 25Mk; jpfjp mikr;ruitf;Fr; rkHg;gpf;fg;gl;lNjhL
mjd; kPJ ,g;NghJ eltbf;if vLf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ.
-
FiwghLfisf; fz;lwpe;J mtw;iw Vw;wthW eptHj;jp
nra;tjw;fhf mur fUk nkhopf; nfhs;iffapd; mKyhf;fk; gw;wpa ehlyhtpa
guprPyidnahd;iw kdpj cupikfs; mikr;R Nkw;nfhs;tjw;fhf Vw;ghLfs;
nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd.
5.
1 vy;.hp.hp.< ,d; mj;JkPwy;fs;
,uzkL
,uzkLtpy; rl;ltpNuhjkhd kw;Wk; kiwthd tpkhd XL ghijaj; njhlHe;Jk; rPHjpUj;jp
tprhypg;gjw;fhfTk; Ky;iyj;jPtpy; NkYk; ,uz;L tpkhd XL ghijfis mikg;gjw;fhfTk;
vy;upup< eltbf;if vLj;JtUtJ gw;wp ,g;NghJ vk;kplk; kpfj; njspthd Mjhuk; cs;sJ.
,t;tplq;fis cj;jpNahfg+Htkhf guprPyid nra;tjw;F ,Jtiu ,yq;if Aj;j epWj;jf;
fz;fhzpg;Gf; FOTf;Nfh ,yq;if murhq;fj;Jf;Nfh vy;upup< mDkjp toq;fhjNjhL>
mtw;iw mfw;w eltbf;if vLf;fTk; ,y;iy. ,iwikAs;s ehnlhd;W vd;w tifapy;> rHtNjr
r%fjJf;fhd vkJ flg;ghLfs; cs;sd. ,r;Rghtj;ijf; nfhz;l ,lq;fs; vy;upup<
Nghd;wnjhU gaq;futhj mikg;gplk; ,Uf;f mDkjpg;gJ mj;jifa flg;ghLfis ghupa mstpy;
tpl;Lf;nfhLg;gjhf mikAk;. td;nray;fis Nkw;nfhs;sTk; mj;NjhL vkJ KOg;
gpuhe;jpaj;jpYk; ];jpukw;w epiyikia Vw;gLj;jTk; ,j;jifa rl;ltpNuhjkhd
mikg;Gf;fs; epWtg;gLfpd;wd vd ehk; cWjpahff; fUJfpNwhk;. vdNt> ,t;tplaj;ij
ntWkNd jl;bf; fopf;f Kbahnjd;gNjhL> rk;ge;jg;gl;l rfyupdJk; ed;ikiaif; fUj;jpw;
nfhz;L mit clNd mfw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
rHtNjr xOq;FtpjpfSf;F khwhf epWtg;gl;Ls;s mj;jifa trjpfs;>
ghupa Mgj;ij tpistpf;F Kd;> mfw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd ehk; vr;rupf;if tpLf;fpNwhk;.
fle;j fhyq;fspy;> Nkhjypy; rk;ge;jg;glhj ntspehLfspd; eyd;fisAk; ghjpf;Fk;
tpjj;jpy; vy;upup< vkJ gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; FUl;Lj;jdkhd Mf;fpukpg;G eltbf;iffis
Nkw;nfhz;lJ ntspg;gilahdjhFk;. vy;upup< gfpuq;khf Vw;Wf;nfhz;lgb Kd;dhs; ,e;jpag;
gpujk ke;jpupiag; gLnfhiy nra;jJ mj;jld; rPdhTf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd xU fg;giy
mopj;jJ Mfpait mtw;Ws; mlq;Fk;. vdNt> mjd; ghupa tpisTfis Vw;gLj;Jk;
Rghtj;jpw;Nfw;g> ,e;j kPwiy ehk; kpfTk; cd;dpg;ghff; fzpf;fpNwhk;. ,it cldbahf
mfw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
rpWtHfis mzpjpul;ly; kw;Wk; flj;jy;
rpWtHfis mzpjpul;ly; kw;Wk; flj;jiy cs;spl;l>
nghJkf;fSf;nfjpuhd td;nray;fspy; njhlHe;Jk; vy;upup< <Lgl;L tUfpwJ. Aj;j
epWj;jf; fz;fhzpg;ghsHfspd; $w;Wg;gb> vy;upup< ,d; mNefkhd Aj;j epWj;j kPwy;fs;
nghJkf;fSf;F vjpuhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l eltbf;iffs; vd;gNjhL. mtw;Ws; mjpfkhdit
kdpj cupik kPwy;fshFk;. ,e;epiyikapd; msT kw;Wk; ghuJhuk; gw;wp mjpf ftdk;
nrYj;JkhWk; ,j;jifa J\;gpuNahfj;ij epWj;JkhW vy;upup< ,id Cf;Ftpf;FkhWk; ehk;
rHtNjr r%fj;ijf; Nfl;Lf;nfhs;fpNwhk;. ,g;gbj; J\;gpuNahfj;Jf;F MshtJ vkJ
gpui[fNs kw;Wk; vkJ rf kdpjHfspd; kdpj cupikfNs kPwg;gLfpwJ vd;gJ gw;wp ehk;
czHtila Ntz;bAs;sJ.
rpWtHfis giltPuHfshfg; ghtpg;gjw;fhf mtHfis mzpjpul;LtJk;
flj;JtJk; ,yq;if murhq;fj;Jf;F Fwpg;ghf ftiyaspg;gjhfTs;sJ. vkJ fle;j n[dPthg;
Ngr;Rf;fspd; NghJ ,g;ghuJhukhd tplak; gw;wp ehk; fye;Jiuahba NghjpYk;> mJ
gw;wpa vkJ Ngr;Rf;fis KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L tu Kbatpy;iy. ,r;Rw;Wg; Ngr;Rf;fspd;
NghJk; ,t;tplaj;ij vLj;Jf; nfhs;tJ Kf;fpakhFk; vd murhq;fk; ek;GfpwJ. Aj;j
epWj;jf; fz;fhzpg;Gf; FOj; jiytupd; gq;fspg;G cl;gl> ngg;utupapy; ehk;
elhj;jpa Ngr;RthHj;ijfspy; ,Ue;J> Foe;ijfis mzpjpul;LtJ kw;Wk; flj;JtJ ghupa
kdpj cupik kPwyhFk; vd;gJ njspthfpaJ. ,J gw;wpa vkJ Mjq;fq;fSf;Fg; gjpyspf;Fk;
tifapy;> taJ Fiwe;j rpWtHfis mzp NrHg;gij KOikahf epWj;Jtjw;Fr; rfy
eltbf;iffisAk; vy;upup< Nkw;nfhs;Sk; vdTk; Maje;jupj;j Nkhjypy; rpWtHfs;
vt;tifapYk; <LglhjpUg;gij cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf vy;upup< Adpnrt; kw;Wk; Vida
rHtNjr kdpjhgpkhd mikg;Gf;fSld; xj;Jiof;Fk; vdTk; jpU. ghyrpq;fk; njuptpj;jhH.
MapDk;> fle;j khjq;fspy; ,t;thf;FWjp KOjhf
Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rpWtHfis mzpjpul;LtJ njhlHe;J eilngw;W te;Js;sJ. 2006
ngg;utup Kjy; nrg;lk;gH tiu 397 rpWtHfis vy;upup< mzpjpul;bAs;sjhf Adpnrt; %yk;
mwpa te;Js;sJ.
n[dPthtpy; 2006 ngg;utupapy; eilngw;w re;jpg;Gf;Fr; rpy
ehl;fSf;Fg; gpd;dH vy;upup< ,lk; ,Ue;J jg;gp te;j gy rpWtHfs;> Mapuf;fzf;fhd
rpWtHfs; giltPuHfshf gyte;jg;gLj;jg;gl;L Nkhrkhd epiyikapy; cs;sjhfj;
njuptpj;jdH. kpf mz;ikf;fhf Adpnrt; mwpf;ifapd; gb> Aj;j epWj;j
Muk;gj;jpypUe;J 2006 nrg;lk;gH ,Wjp tiu 5769 rpWtHfis vy;upup< mjd; mzpapy;
NrHj;Js;sjhf Adpnrt; fz;lwpe;Js;sjhf; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
rpWtH giltPuHfs; gw;wp tpLj;j cWjpg;ghLfs; kw;Wk;
cWjpnkhopfis vy;upup< myl;rpak; nra;Js;sJ vd;gJk; murhq;fj;Jf;F kpFe;j ftiy
Vw;gLj;Jtjhf cs;sJ.
rpWtHfis mzpjpul;Ltij I.eh. ghJfhg;Gr; rig mjd; 1612
(2005) Mk; jPHkhdj;jpd; fPo; fz;bj;Js;sJ. ,j;jPHkhdj;jpd; 11Mk; mDge;jj;jpy;
vy;upup< cl;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. rpWtHfisf; flj;Jtjw;F vy;upup<
nghWg;ghftpUe;Js;sJ vd me;j mDge;jk; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. Kuz;ghl;bidj; jPHg;gjw;fhd
ve;jnthU KOikahd cj;jpapd; gpujhd mk;rk; Foe;ijfisg; ghJfhg;gJ vd;gij
cs;slf;Ftjw;fhf If;fpa ehLfs; ghJfhg;Gr; rigapd; jPHkhdk; 1612 ftdj;ij <Hf;fpwJ.
ve;jnthU ehfupf r%fj;jpYk; xU Foe;ijNaDk; flj;jg;gLtJ kpf
ntWf;fj;jf;f ghuJhukhd nrayhff; fzpf;fg;gLfpwJ. Adpnrt;tpd; fzf;Fg; gb> 5000
f;Fk; mjpfkhd Foe;ijfis vy;upup> flj;jpr; nrd;W mzpjpul;bapUg;gJ> rHtNjr
kdr;rhl;rpapd; jsHtpid gpujpgypg;gjhfNtAs;sJ. ,g;gof;fk; njhluhkypUg;gij cWjp
nra;tjw;fhf ehk; Kd;Ndwpr; nry;tjw;F ,JNt jUzkhFk;.
5. 2
mgptpUj;jp
vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf Nehf;fpdhy;> Aj;jepWj;jk; ehl;bd; rfy
gFjpfspYk; Jupj mgptpUj;jpf;F toptFj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. cl;gpuNtrpg;gjw;fhd
cupikia nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jp Njitg;gLj;JfpwJ. MapDk;> JujpH\;ltrkhf ,d;Wk;$l
tlf;fpd; kw;Wk; fpof;fpd; rpy gFjpfSf;Fg; gpuNtrpg;gJ jLf;fg;gLtNjhL> mJ
mgptpUj;jpapd; gad;fis kf;fs; miltjw;Fj; jilahfTkpUf;fpwJ. jk; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs;
,Uf;Fk; fpspnehr;rp kw;Wk; Ky;iyj;jPT khtl;lq;fs; Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fSf;fhd
gpuNtrj;ij kWg;gjd; %yk;> mg;gpuNjr kf;fs; mgptpUj;jpapd; gaid miltij vy;upup<
kWf;fpwJ. NkYk;> Rdhkpapdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l gpuNjrq;fspy; thOk; kf;fSf;F
murhq;fk; cjtp toq;Fk; jpwidAk; vy;upup< ,d; mlhtbj;jdk; Klf;fpAs;sJ.
nghUshjhu eltbfif kPJ mwptplg;gLk; mjpf mstpyhd rl;ltpNuhjkhd fl;lzq;fSk;
nghUshjhu tsHr;rpiaf; Fd;w itj;Js;sd. nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jp njhlHtjhapUe;jhy;
,it kw;Wk; Vida fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; eltbf;iffs; epWj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
,j;jifa jilfs; kw;Wk; Kl;Lf;fl;ilfs; ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> ,yq;if
murhq;fk; Nkhjy; Vw;gl;l gpuNjrq;fis cs;spl;l tlf;F kw;Wk; fpof;Fg;
gFjpfspYs;s nghJkf;fspd; kdpjhgpkhd kw;Wk; cs;sff; fl;likg;Gj Njitfis kpf mjpf
mstpy; epiwT nra;J tUfpwJ. cjtp toq;FNthuplk; ,Ue;J rpy cjtpfs; fpilf;fpd;wd.
,j;jifa neUf;fbfSf;F kj;jpapYk;> epUthf kw;Wk; cs;sff; fl;likg;G trjpfis
murhq;fk; njhlHe;Jk; Nkhjy; Vw;gl;l gpuNjrq;fspy; Ngzp tUfpwJ.
murhq;f M];gj;jpupfs; kw;Wk; murhq;fk; elhj;Jk; Rfhjhu
epiyaq;fs; murhq;fj;jpd; epjpaspg;Gld; KOikahd ,ytr Nritfis toq;fp tUfpd;wd.
itj;jpaHfspd; rk;gsq;fs;> kUe;J kw;Wk; M];gj;jpupfspd; Ngzy; Nghd;w kPz;LtUk;
nryTfis murhq;fk; njhlHe;Jk; toq;fp tUfpwJ. jw;NghJ tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk;
4427f;Fk; mjpfkhd vz;zpf;if fl;by;fisf; nfhz;l 53 f;Fk; mjpfkhd M];gj;jpupfs;
,ytr rpfpr;iria toq;Ffpd;wd.
ghlrhiyfs;> Kiwrhuhj fy;tp epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; njhopy;El;gf;
fy;Yhupfis cs;spl;l fy;tpj; jpl;lj;Jf;F murhq;fk; epjpaspg;gNjhL> mit ,ytrf;
fy;tpia toq;Ffpd;wd. fpspnehr;rp> kd;dhH> tTdpah> mk;ghiw kw;Wk; jpUNfhzkiyapy;
jdpahH ghlrhiyfs; ,y;iynad;gjhy; ,g;gpuNjrq;fspy; cs;s Foe;ijfs; jkJ Muk;g
kw;Wk; ,uz;lhk; epiyf; fy;tpf;F murhq;fg; ghlrhiyfis KOikahf ek;gp ,Uf;f
Ntz;bAs;sJ. ,f;fy;tp trjpfis murhq;fk; njhlHe;Jk; toq;fp tUfpwJ.
700>000 khztHfisf; nfhz;l 1858 ghlrhiyfs; mur epjpaspg;Gld;
nraw;gLfpd;wd. ,jd;gb> fy;tp mikr;rpdhy; epUtfpf;fg;gLk; ghlrhiyfspy; 18.9
rjtPjk; tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; mike;Js;sd.
tpLtpf;fg;glhj gpuNjrq;fspy; thOk; kf;fSf;F mj;;jpahtrpag;
nghUl;fis toq;Ftjw;fhd rfy eltbf;iffisAk; jw;NghJ ,yq;if murhq;fk;
Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ. MapDk;> ,g;gpuNjrq;fspy; epyTk; Mgj;jhd js epiyikfs; fhuzkhf>
,k;Kaw;rpfis NkYk; gaDW tpjj;jpy; Nkw;nfhs;tjw;fhf vy;upup< ,d; neUq;fpa
xj;Jiog;Gj; Njitg;gLfpwJ. tPlikg;G. ghijfs;> ghyq;fs;> kpd;rhu tpepNahfk;>
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